STURTON GRANGE, WALK MILL, BROTHERWICK.
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TOWNSHIP OF STURTON GRANGE.
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The township of Sturton Grange, which
comprises 1,119 acres,
N with a population of 78
N at the census of 1891, is wholly agricultural, being mostly
under tillage, with a proportional amount of pasture land. It is well
watered by the Grange burn, which takes its rise in the adjacent parish
of Shilbottle, and entering this township by the Redford-gate, flows
through the picturesque Black-dean, and under the name of the Hounden
burn joins the Coquet near Warkworth station. There are good sandstone
quarries, which have been worked for sale as well as for estate purposes
; bricks and draining tiles of medium quality have been manufactured at
Sturton Grange Eastfield.
A member of the barony of Wark-on-Tweed, Strectun was granted
by Everard de Ros, lord of Wark, to the newly-founded Cistercian abbey
of Newminster. The lands given were to be relieved from all civil
services, aids, taxes, etc., from danegeld and hornegeld, and from the
Crown service called `Utware.'
L
The abbot and convent subsequently strengthened their right
of possession by obtaining a charter of confirmation
N from Everard's son, Robert de Ros, and improved their estate
by making a fence between it and Brotherwick.
LN By various grants they acquired in the second half of the
thirteenth century a piece of land (probably near Hounden) from
Galfridus de Hanvil,
L and, about 1250, other lands called Herfordlees
N from Robert fitz Roger, lord of
Warkworth, who, however, reserved common right upon the same.
N
They entered into covenants (circa 1240) with Alexander de Hilton
N as to the boundaries between their lands and his at
Shilbottle and Guyzance, and made a similar agreement with Robert de
Hilton.
L
Amongst the other buildings
N erected by the monks was a forge or smithy, apparently of
some size, for Nicholas of Acton granted a licence to the convent to
obtain for its use coal from a wood of his called
Midilwode.
N Under the customary monastic policy, and aided by Pandulf,
the papal legate, a resignation
N of the great tithes of Sturton Grange
was obtained from Hugh, bishop of Carlisle (1219-1223), who enjoyed the
rectory of Warkworth. This grant was confirmed by the prior and convent
of Carlisle,
N by Nicholas, bishop of Durham,
N and further confirmed by a
bull of Pope Gregory IX.,
N granted at Viterbo on the 20th of June, 1237. Finally, the right of free warren in Stretton
was granted by King Edward I. in 1290.
N At the suppression of the monasteries the value of
Sturton Grange was computed to be £16 per annum.
N
In 1546 William, Lord Eure,
N in consideration of `good, true, faithful, and acceptable
services,' received a grant from the Crown to him and his heirs male
(under the reserved rent of 32s. a year)
N of the lordship of Stritton with the courts leet, views of
frank-pledge, bondmen and bondwomen,
N villeins, etc., with all the lands in the occupation of
Hunter, Watson, Johnson, Pattinson, and others. The lordship was of the
clear annual value of £28 6s. 8d., and was to be held in chief as the
tenth part of a knight's fee. The family of Eure was descended from
Henry, third son of John fitz Robert, the lord of Warkworth, and some
members of the family possessed other lands in the parish of Warkworth.
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EURE OF WITTON AND OF STURTON GRANGE.
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ARMS : Quarterly, or and gules; on a bend sable
three escallops argent.—Visitation of Durham, 1666. |
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| (a) St. Oswald's Register, Durham. |
| (b) The names of such gentlemen as of late are retained
by the king's highness by fee. Hodgson-Hinde, Northumberland, p. 347. |
| (c) A captain in Sir William Constable's regiment.
Cf. Peacock, Army Lists of Roundheads and
Cavaliers, p. 41. |
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In the winter of 1584 Sturton Grange was
raided by Scottish thieves, some of whom belonged to Swynside, near
Oxnam, in Roxburghshire, who robbed the widow Jackson of forty-eight
sheep.
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At the muster taken on the Moot-law on the 26th of March, 1580, eight of
Lord Eure's tenants in Sturton Grange presented themselves as footmen
and alleged that they could not keep horses as ` Lord Ewers' had
enhanced their rents from 40s. to £5 apiece,
N and at the muster on Cliftonfield on the 24th of November,
1595, William Watson and seven other horsemen who appeared from Sturton
Grange were returned as ` defective.'
N
The oppressed tenants found support in the powerful enemies
which Eure's rule as lord warden of the Marches had raised against him,
and in the presentments (under twenty heads) made against him by the
gentlemen jurors to the queen's commissioners in 1597 was the accusation
` that the lord warden has taken exceeding great fines from his tenants
at Sturton Grange, viz., of one whose ancient rent was but 40s. he took
£48 for fine and raised his rent to 50s. ; that he refused their goods
offered in lieu of fines, and imprisoned some of them at Hexham until
they agreed to give fines of £60 a farm.'
N Eure defended himself in a letter written to Lord Burghley
on the 8th of June, 1597 :
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| As the jurors are aggrieved at my extreme exactions of
fines on my Northumberland tenants, though there is no
mention of fines `within the five artickle,' nor do the
gentlemen seem `disposed to trouble theire heades with anie
other landslord but myselfe.' I answer that Richard Fenwicke,
one of the jurors, was a principal dealer for me in letting
these leases and perfected the covenants between the tenants
and me, ` he over-ruling me to their will,' and I never
strained or pressed them to pay but at their ease and best
profit, and none of them to my knowledge, repines at the
fine (as they witness under their hands). And what was
formerly doubbled I have ` layde downe to the aunciente
rent.' And to furnish them with horses at present, I not
only `forbear but forgive,' as themselves witness. None made
presentment to this jury, but some of my tenants of Sturton
Grange, who did so on the instigation of Robert Woodrington
of Hauxley, one of the jury, though they confess they had no
cause to complain. |
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| In 1613 Ralph, Lord Eure, and his son, Sir
William Eure, having entered into an agreement to sell Sturton Grange to
George Reaveley for £1,200, a commission was issued by the Crown dated
on the 23rd of June of that year, to ascertain whether it would be to
the king's loss if such a conveyance were made, the original grant
having been made to Eure and his heirs male. The following is an
abstract of the return to the writ : |
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Inquisition
N taken at Newcastle on the 10th October, 1613,
before Claudius Forster, esq., the sheriff, and Richard Ord,
the feodary.
The jury say that William, late Lord Eure, father of
Ralph, now Lord Eure, was heir male of William, Lord Eure,
the grantee, and that he died 10th February, 1593/4, seised
of Striton Grange in his demesne as of fee entail, with
reversion to the queen ; that the said Ralph, Lord Eure, is
son and heir of the said William, and had and received all
issues and profits of the said Grange from the time of his
father's death, and still receives them, by virtue of the
letters patent of Henry VIII. ; that it is worth by the
year, clear, ,£20; that William Eure, knight, is son and
heir of the said Ralph, and has two sons living, and that
there are many persons living who might be heirs to the said
William.' |
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| On the 17th of August, 1617, Reavely
conveyed the estate he had so recently purchased to 'William Ord of
Prudhoe castle,
N a bailiff of the earl of Northumberland.
N Ord does not seem ever to have made the Grange his home, but
dying at Prudhoe on the 27th of April, 1630, he was buried in the
chancel of Ovingham under a marble stone, which bears the arms Quarterly 1 and 4, three salmons hauriant, one and two; 2, three
mullets, one and two; 3, three fleurs-de-lis, one and two; and the
following quaint epitaph : |
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Here lyes the corps of a rare man inter'd
On whom both wit and learning God confer'd
To his great good ; for all his works did tend
To God the object of his acts and end.
His abstract was from a renowned race,
To which his proper virtue added grace.
Was happie in his wife, his children seaven,
Of which the prime did follow him to heaven ;
A vertuous girle above her age was shee
Of sin's foule dregs and vile contagion free :
With credit great while he Lord Percy served
Of high, of low, of all he well deserved.
He could get welth, but got, he cared not for it,
And thought it greater wisdome to abhore it ;
And to conclude he usde things transitory
As means to bring him to eternall glory. |
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The eastern portion of the township was
sold by William Ord, the third of that name, in 1702. His son, also
bearing the same name, having taken the losing side in the rebellion of
1715,
N involved himself still more deeply by mortgages. As a Roman
Catholic, he registered his estate in 1717 as `all the manor of Sturton
Grange, now in my mother's and my possession ; as
also all the capital messuage of Sturton Grange, with the lands,
etc., in the same possession ; all that messuage and lands let by my
mother and me to Ralph Mow at £31 a year ; all that messuage and lands
let by my mother and me to Robert Tate at £31 a year ; and all that
other farm let by my mother and me to William Tate at £31 a year ; of
which I have one moiety and my mother the other for her jointure for her
life.'
N This William Ord died unmarried in January, 1724, and the
estate was again registered in the following year by his brother and
heir, Richard Ord.
The latter, in 1729, married Elizabeth, daughter of William Witham, a
scion of the Lartington family.
N Their niece, Mrs. Mary Butler, who died
on the 2nd of March, 1752, gave to Henry Sheldon, the provincial of the
Society of Jesus, certain small tithes producing about £35 a year for a
fund for one of the Society of Jesus, to be settled at or near Sturton
Grange, or some convenient place in the neighbourhood. One mass was to be said
every month for ever for the souls of Lancelot Ord, esq., and Margaret,
his wife, and for the soul of the donor's aunt, Mrs. Elizabeth Ord, and
for her own soul.
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The last representative of the family, bearing the ancestral name of
William, married Mary, daughter of Jasper Gibson of Stonecroft, in the
parish of Warden. To be near his wife's kinsfolk, he. purchased lands
and built himself a house at Newbrough. He sold off the southern portion
of the township in 1796, and at his death, without issue, in 1801,
devised the remaining portion, charged with considerable legacies and a
heavy mortgage, to his wife's nephew, Jasper Gibson. The latter, in
1815, sold the estate to John and Christopher Jobson of Bebside. As a
farm of 408 acres, the Grange was, in 1848, offered for sale by public
auction, and in the following year was conveyed by Mr. Christopher
Jobson to Mr. Matthew Liddell of Newcastle, and by the latter was given
in exchange about 1860 to the duke of Northumberland for lands at
Prudhoe. |
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ORD OF STURTON GRANGE. |
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ARMS : Sable, three salmons hauriant, argent, two
and one.
Seal attached to a letter of William Ord of Prudhoe.
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| (a) Warkworth Register. |
(e) Sharp MSS. vol. 73. |
(i) M.I., Ovingham. |
| (b) Surtees, Durham, iv. p. 119. |
(f) Newcastle Courant, 2nd June, 1802.
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(k) Raine, Test. Dun. |
| (c) Register of St. John's, Newcastle. |
(g) Mr. John Liddell's Deeds. |
(l) Durham Probate Registry. |
| (d) Weldon, Notes of English Confs. Ord.
S.B. |
(h) M.I., Warden. |
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EVIDENCES TO ORD PEDIGREE. |
| 1660, 16th April. Feoffment with livery of seisin made
between Eleanor Ord of Prudhoe, widow, and William Ord of
the same place, gentleman, of the first part ; Edward
Widdrington of Blankney, esq., George Selby of Whitehouse,
esq., Charles Selby of Winlaton, gent., of the second part ;
and Ralph Bowes of Newcastle, gent., and John Errington of
Hexham, gent., of the third part. A settlement to secure a
jointure to Elizabeth, wife of William Ord, and to settle
the estate upon their eldest son William, in tail male ;
remainder to their second son, George, etc. Mr. John
Liddell's Deeds. |
| 1729, 26th November. Settlement before the marriage of
Richard Ord with Elizabeth Witham. John Maire, gent.,
William Coulter, gent., trustees. In consideration of a
marriage portion of a £1,000, a jointure of £100 a year is
secured to her and a charge of £1,500 secured upon the
estate in favour of the younger children of the marriage.
Mr. John Liddell's Deeds. |
| 1796, 26th July. Will of William Ord (codicil, dated
23rd August, 1796). My manor and lands of Sturton Grange to
Jasper Gibson of Stonecroft, eldest son of my
brother-in-law, Thomas Gibson, deceased, subject to legacies
and annuities. To George Gibson, brother of the said Jasper,
now an apprentice in Newcastle, £1,000 ; to Margaret, wife
of John Gibson of Beacon-house, near Hexham, £1,500 ; to my
brother-in-law, James Gibson of Hexham, sadler, £10 per
annum ; to the said James Gibson's children, £250 ; to Ann
Gibson, daughter of the late Jasper Gibson, attorney-at-law,
of Hexham, £150 ; to Thomas Jefferson, son of Doctor Thomas
Jefferson of Hexham, £50. Proved at York. Mr. John Liddell's
Deeds. |
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The southern part of the township,
known as Sturton Grange South Side, comprising 412 acres, was sold off
by William Ord, and on the 12th of May, 1796, conveyed to Thomas Dodds
of Shoreswood ;
N it was resold on the 11th of November, 1820, by Nathaniel
Dodds
N to Joseph Fenwick of Ellington.
N Mr. Joseph Fenwick died in 1830, and gave it to his nephew,
William Jeffrey, who thereupon assumed the name of Fenwick ; he died in
1860, without issue, and was succeeded in this and other estates by his
nephew, Mr. Joseph Jeffrey, who also assumed the name of Fenwick. To the
latter's grandson, Mr. Reginald Fenwick, Sturton Grange South Side now
belongs.
On the 30th of October, 1701, William Ord of Sturton Grange
entered into articles of agreement with John Cook of Togston for the
sale of the messuage, farmhold, etc., commonly known as Eastfield-house,
now designated Sturton Grange Eastfield, with the lands thereto
belonging, a close called the Well-spring or Windmill-flat, a parcel of
ground called the East-side of the Broad-meadow letch, all in the
occupation of Ralph Mow and the executors of George Tate, together with
the water corn mill, etc.
N The consideration was £1,521 10s., and the conveyance was
completed in the following year.
N
The heirs and representatives of John Cook, in 1792, sold
Eastfield to Thomas Carr of Eshott for £8.500, but he dying shortly
afterwards, the estate was resold for the same sum by his trustees, and
on the 12th of September, 1795, conveyed to Nicholas Appleby, who, with
his father, Thomas Appleby, had for some years previous occupied the
farm as tenants. |
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COOK OF EASTFIELD |
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| (a) Warkworth Register. |
(e) Abstract of Title in the Rev.
John
Hodgson's Collection. |
(g) Nicholas Brown's Diary. |
| (c) Rev. Jas. Strother's Deeds. |
(f) Longhoughton Register. |
(h) Tynemouth Register. |
| (d) Newcastle Courant, 26th Aug., 1797. |
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(i) Durham Probate Registry. |
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[our note, no letter '(b)'] |
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EVIDENCES TO COOK PEDIGREE. |
| 1781. To be sold the farm stock at Titlington, belonging
to Mr. Edward Cook. Newcastle Journal, 7th April,
1781. |
| 1786, 14th Oct. Will of John Cook of Alnwick. The estate
at Eastfield to be sold. To my dear wife Frances the
interest of £600. To my son, John Cook of London, £600. To
George Selby, the husband of my daughter Margaret, £200, he
having already received £100, which make the £300 which I
intended. To my daughter, Ann Cook, £300. As to my eldest
son, Edward Cook, and my youngest son, George Cook, they
having received their fortunes, can only leave them an equal
dividend with the rest of my children of whatsoever cash
there may be remaining. As I enjoy at present a farm at
Longhoughton, which I got by my present wife, I give the
same to her with the stock and crop and whatever portion of
my household furniture at Alnwick she may choose to have,
with half a dozen silver table spoons, a dozen silver tea
spoons, and the china and linen she brought with her. The
ship may be continued amongst my children, or turned into
cash at their own discretion. From a copy in the possession
of Mrs. H. H. Blair, Alnwick. |
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Miss Margaret Appleby (sister and heiress
at law of Nicholas Appleby )
N by will gave Eastfield to her maternal kinsman, William
Johnson, of Haggerston, son of the Rev. Henry Johnson, vicar of the two
Bywells ; and by his brother, Mr. Henry Johnson of London, it was sold
in 1858 for £15,500 to Mr. Anthony Strother (then of Shooter's-hill,
Kent, but of a Northumbrian stock). He took down the unpretending but
comfortable house,
N and in its room built the residence, which, with the estate,
has recently been sold by his son, the Rev. James B. Strother (sometime
vicar of Shaugh Prior, Devon, and now of Newton Abbot) to Mr. William
Sanderson of Gosforth.
The ancient water corn mill lies in the vale between
Eastfield and Low Buston. Its overshot wheel was driven by the united
force of the waters of Grange burn and Tylee burn, but it has been
disused for nearly twenty years, and the mill is now dismantled.
The earliest documentary record is the thirteenth-century
agreement,
N made at Wark in the manor court of Robert de Ros, between
Edmund of Buston and the abbot and convent of Newminster regulating the
multure to be paid. Another agreement
N entered into by Hugh, son of Gregory of Buston, about the
same time, recites that there had been and was an ancient custom of
grinding at Sturton mill.
After the dissolution of the monasteries the mill remained in
the hands of the Crown until the 13th of September, 1609, when, by
letters patent, it was granted to Edward Ferrers and Francis Phillips at
the reserved rent of 26s. 8d., who in the same year sold it to Thomas
Thompson. In the years 1636 and 1637 there were proceedings in the Court
of Exchequer brought by Thompson against William Straker, Thomas Dobson,
John James, and James Crookshank, all apparently tenants in Sturton
Grange, in order to compel them to bring their corn to his mill to be
ground. The following are abstracts of some of the depositions taken in
these suits : |
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Thomas Dent of Newcastle, gent., aged
32 years, being at Wooden, 25th January, 1636/7, deposed
that on the 11th September last (1636) he served the
defendants, Dobson and Crookshanks, with process, who
pretended that Mrs. Ourd, their mistress, was to defend them
in this suit, and said that if she would not do so they
would satisfy the plaintiff for his damage past, and come
again to grind at the aforesaid mill as they used to do.
Robert Watson of Brotherwick, aged 70, at the same time and
place deposed that he had known Buston mill for about sixty
years, and that during that time the tenants and inhabitants
of the Grange did usually and occasionally grind their corn
at the said Buston mill, unless the mill wanted water. That
the `sucken' of the said Grange is all or most of the sucken
belonging to the said mill.
Jane Wawby of Buston, widow, aged 50 years, at the same time
and place deposed that William Wawby, her late husband, was
for at least thirty-four years before his death tenant and
miller of the said Buston mill, anciently called the Grange
mill, and had paid to the king's collector 4 nobles rent
yearly until about fifteen years since, when the plaintiff
claiming the said mill by a grant from King James, the said
William Wawby paid to the plaintiff a greater rent for the
said mill.
Thomas Johnson of Buston, aged about 70 years, at the same
time and place deposed that for the last sixty years and
time out of mind, as he thinks, the said inhabitants have
ground their corn at the said mill and not elsewhere, and
the tenant and miller used to take moulter and toll for the
said grinding, and this he knows to be true, having lived
all his life at Grange and Buston, both of which are but a
quarter of a mile from the mill. That no town stead or place
but Grange is bound to grind there, and without the sucken
therefrom the said mill is worth little or nothing. That the
toll and moulter of each of the defendants' corn, have for
four years been well worth 13s. 4d. a year in this
deponent's judgment.
Thomas Palmer of Lynton, miller, aged about 40, being at
Warkworth, 29th August, 1637, deposed that he has known
Buston mill and Sturton Grange for about twenty-eight years
; that he believes the mill is built on ground belonging to
Sturton Grange ; that it has always been called Buston mill,
and that it has never had suit or sucken from Sturton
Grange, unless it were voluntary. Deponent knows this,
because twenty-eight years before, he was servant to William
Wawby, who then farmed the mill of the plaintiff for the
yearly sum of £9.
John Henderson of ` Gilne milne,'
N county Northumberland, deposed that he has known
the town [of Sturton Grange] and mill more than twenty years
; has never known any bakers or brewers in the said town use
the same as a trade or means to get their living, unless on
some particular occasion, as a marriage or burial, and only
as long as the occasion lasted.
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The dispute was eventually settled by the sale of
the mill, which for £85 was conveyed to William Ord of Prudhoe,
gentleman, on the 11th of September, 1658, by Henry Thompson of
Newcastle, merchant.
Together with the Eastfield, the mill was in 1702 sold by William Ord to
John Cook, and it has since remained part of that estate.
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TOWNSHIP OF WALK MILL
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The township of Walk Mill
N comprises 127
N acres of land and a single house situated in a sequestered
position on the left bank of the Coquet. In 1891 it had a population of
eight persons.
N
Its early history is included in that of Sturton
Grange, of which it was originally an outlying portion. Two of the
Newminster charters can relate to no other than this place, for they are
licences granted by Hugh de Morwick and Hugh de Morwick, his son, to
erect a mill dam across the Coquet.
N After the dissolution it was in the tenure of Leonard
Morton, and was afterwards held of the Crown by Robert Jackson, as
tenant at will ; it was worth 66s. 8d. per annum.
N On the 25th of March, 1561/2, it was granted for twenty-one
years to Francis Barker at the yearly rent of 53s. 4d. ; and on the
surrender of that lease a new one, dated the 27th February, 1579/80, was
granted to Tristram Fenwick and John Fenwick of Walker, gentlemen. The
premises comprised a fulling mill, with its ' greate brasse potte,' 12
acres of arable land, common of pasture on Warkworth Moor, a house and
orchard, and the profits of the coal mine within the said 12 acres.
N It is not known when or to whom this place was granted by
the Crown, and though under the description of the `Grange Walk Mill' it
is mentioned in the rate book of 1663, it is not clear whether it did or
did not then belong to the owner of Sturton Grange.
In the county elections of 1710 and 1722 Joseph Straker of
Walk Mill
N polled for this place, and there are several entries
relating to his family scattered through the Warkworth parish register.
N It was afterwards possessed by the families of Johnson
N and Laing,
N and at the beginning of this century it belonged to Richard
Robson,
N sometime an agent or bailiff first to the duke of
Northumberland and afterwards to Earl Grey. It was sold in 1859 by his
sister and heiress, Mrs. Margaret Tait of Green-hill, near Bamburgh, to
Mr. Thomas Tate of Bilton, who owned the adjacent estate of Guyzance
Bank-house. It now belongs to Mr. J. D. Milburn of Barnhill.
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TOWNSHIP OF BROTHERWICK.
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Adjacent to the park at Warkworth, and on the
north side of the Coquet, is the small township of Brotherwick,
comprising 185 acres. It had, in 1891, a population of twenty-three.
N With the exception of the land occupied by the North Eastern
Railway Company, whose line cuts it lengthwise into two portions, it now
belongs solely to the duke of Northumberland. The township is occupied
as one farm, and contains a freestone quarry, from which a large
quantity of stone has been wrought for sale.
Unlike the neighbouring townships, Brotherwick is a manor
held directly from the Crown by sergeancy or the performance of specific
services. It was granted by Henry I. (1100-1135) to Henry de Hanvill,
the king's falconer, on condition of his paying an annual rent of half a
mark.
N About 1240, Hugh de Hanvill
N held it in chief for keeping the king's falcons.
N William de Hanvill granted to the abbot and convent of
Newcastle a licence to make a fence (fossatum) for a permanent division
between Sturton Grange and the vill of Brotherwick from a syke in the
west part of Brotherwick as far as the Grenegate.
N His mother was Avicia, daughter and heiress of Richard le
Masle.
N She died before 1251, seised of the manor of Brotherwick
N and of fourteen bovates of land in Riplington.
N In a suit at the assizes of 1256, William de Hanvill proved
his right to his fugitive neif, William, son of Hauron of Brotherwick.
N
By an inquisition taken in 1274 it was found that William de
Hanvill, who was then living, had for sixteen years past neglected to
pay the rent of half a mark reserved to the Crown, and that he had,
moreover, sold parcels of the lands of the manor to Robert fitz Roger,
William Latimer, Thomas de Elmedon, John Absolon and Alice, his sister,
Andrew de Brotherwick, Roger the keeper, Robert fitz Pagan, William the
miller, the Light of the blessed Mary of Warkworth, and to certain
others whose names the jury knew not.
N In the following year the sheriff of the county, as the
king's escheator, was ordered to take into his hands the lands and
tenements held of the king in chief, of which William de Hanvill had
died seised,
L and in the same year his son and heir, Galfridus or Geoffrey
de Hanvill, did homage for his father's lands.
L Geoffrey sold or granted to the abbot and convent of
Newminster a piece of ground adjacent to their manor of Sturton Grange.
N
In Trinity term, 1284, Roger Baret and Constance, his wife, brought an
action against and recovered from Andrew de Brotherwike the third part
of a rent of 20s. in Brotherwick which they claimed as the dower of the
said Constance.
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BROTHIRWIKE SUBSIDY ROLL, 1295. |
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£. s.
d. |
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s. d. |
| Summa bonorum |
Rogeri filii Osberti |
1 1 6 |
unde regi |
1 11½ |
| " |
Rogeri Campion |
1 6 4 |
" |
2 4¾ |
| " |
Henrici molendinarii |
0 12 8 |
" |
1 2 |
| Summa hujus villae,
60s. 6d. Unde regi, 5s. 6d. |
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Robert fitz Roger, lord of Warkworth, who died in
1310, was seised of a watermill at Brotherwick worth 30s. a year,
N which, together with 3 acres of arable land and 200 acres of
moor, was not long afterwards granted by John de Clavering to John de
Wanton,
N who, in the month of March, 1332/3, had a licence to acquire
the manor of Brotherwick from Hugh de Tirgwit ; the manor, mill, land,
and moor were held of the king in chief by the service of petty
sergeancy and the payment of half a mark ; in time of peace they were
worth 40s. a year, but at that time 13s. 4d. only.
N
In 1332/33 John de Wanton paid a fine of 1 mark for acquiring
the manor of Brotherwick,
N and in the same or following year he was found to have died
seised of the same and of 80 acres of land and a water corn mill there.
N In 1341/42 Gilbert de Wauton, son and heir of John de
Wanton, deceased, did homage for the manor of Brotherwick and a
watermill held in chief of the king by sergeancy and the payment of 6s.
8d. a year to the castle of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
L In 1349 William Darrayns paid 60s. for having acquired,
without a licence, the manor of Brotherwick from Gilbert de Wanton,
L but William de Nesfield, the king's escheator, in 1359/60,
was ordered to give seisin of two parts of the manor of Brotherwick to
Johanna de Wanton, sister and heiress of Gilbert de Wanton, deceased.
L
In 1362 Richard de Buston was found to have died seised of
lands in Brotherwick as well as of lands in Buston and Over Buston.
N Johanna de Wanton became wife of Donald de Hesilrigg of
Eslington and Whittingham, and with him, in 1370, obtained a licence to
enfeoff Edmund de Hesilrigg, Robert de Wycliff, clerk, and John de
Feryby, with the manor of Brotherwick.
N
Donald de Hesilrigg died on the Sunday after Easter, 1385,
leaving William Hesilrigg, his brother and next heir, aged sixty years.
N Johanna, his widow, by her will made at York on the 1st of
December, 1400, left many legacies of money and jewels to her friends,
her chaplain, and servants, as well as to the convent of Yarm and other
religious houses in Yorkshire ; she specially describes one of her
jewels as `unum monile (anglice nouche), auri, cum uno saphire in
medio, et j dyamand desuper et circumpositum cum pereles et emeraudes.'
N She died on the 21st of December, her will being proved on
the 31st of the same month, and in the inquisition taken after her
death, John Slauton was found to be her kinsman and next heir, being of
the age of thirty years.
N
Donald and Johanna de Hesilrigg's feoffees seem to have
conveyed the manor of Brotherwick to the earl of Northumberland, for it
is included in the grant made in 1405 by Henry IV. to his son, John, of
the castle of Warkworth, and other estates forfeited by the earl's
rebellion.
N When the survey of 1498 was made, two husbandlands in
Brotherwyk were held by Richard Maxon and John Nicholson, under a yearly
rent of 33s. 4d. `per plegium alter alterius ';
N the bailiffs had entered in their accounts for the year
ending Michaelmas, 1489, the `farm of lands and tenements in Brotherwyk,
leased to Richard Maxon and John Nicholson (beyond 5s. paid to the king
as fee farm of the said lands) 40s.'; and there is an allowance of `farm
of herbage of a meadow parcel of the farm of Brotherwyk enclosed within
Sunderland park to the enlargement thereof, 6s. 8d.'
N Richard Maxon was dead before Michaelmas, 1506, when his
widow, Elizabeth, is returned as being 12s. 10d. in arrears of rent,
N of which, in 1525, she still owed 5s.
N The `gersuma ' or fine of 16s. 8d. which the ,tenants should
have paid in 1508 was still unpaid at Michaelmas, 1525.
N
In the comprehensive survey of the Percy estates made
in 1567
N it is stated : |
| |
This towne of Broderwicke is
nether parcell of the lordship of Alnewick nor of the
lordship of Warkeworth, but his lordship holdeth the
same of the prince by grande serguntcye, as in the
recordes fullye appearethe; the scite therof is more
comoditye to his lordship for the save-garde of his game
there, yt ys profitable to the tenants for consideringe
the remaine (sic) of a constable in the castell of
Warkeworth (as moste requisit yt were) the occupations
of the fermors of the lord's demaines the
scite of the browghe of Warkeworth, Aclington, Over Bustone,
Spittell, and Birlinge, and the keeper's dwellinge, with a small
numbre of tenants in the sayd towne of Brodderwic there can be no
huntynge by nyghte or by daye aboute the sayde parke (yf the same be
not inclosed) but it wilbe knowen to the said constable and keapers
yf any regarde be gyven by them for the preservatyon of the sayd
game.
The bounder of Brodericke, beginninge at Swaters-hawghe
N forde weste
by the foote of Broderwicke hille, and then up the letche called the
letche of Broderwic to a marche stone which ys at the heade of the
letche, and from thence northward to an other graye stone with a
crosse hewen in yt besides the head of Lee-rigg, and from thence
northeward endelonge the mentyon of an olde dyke to a graye stone
N
which bathe bene taken up and laid upon the dyke, the same stone is
marked lykewise with a crosse, albeyt the dyke ys marche, and then
north-west alonge the sayd olde mentyon of the dyke called at this
daye Brotherwicke dyke to an other graye stone lyenge in the highe
waye at the gable butt yate, and then along the Grandge dyke to the
tofte gate, from thence downe the dyke of Brotherwic to Hounden
burne, from thence downe the burne to the pale of Warkeworthe parke
alonge the pale to the water of Coquett at Swaters-haulghe, wher we
did beginne.
The tenants of this towne are verye poore men, not able to keipe
themselves in horse and geare, althoughe such as have coppy are
bounde to maneteane the sanie or else forfaite his tenure.
They have dalye ther cattell goinge upon Warkworthe common, which
adjoyneth upon the weste parte of ther sowthe field, by sufferaunce,
without which they are not well able to lyve, for in auntyent tyme
all the towne was but one tenement. |
|
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There were `the scite of an old mantion house in old tyme ' and
four tenements. John Turpin held of the lord, a tenement, garden,
croft, and land, comprising in all 16 acres 2 roods, and paid the
yearly rent of 16s. 8d. Thomas Hodgson held of the lord a tenement,
garden, croft, and sundry selions of land, comprising in all 14
acres 1 rood, and paid yearly 16s. 8d. William Beadnell held in
freehold a tenement, garden, croft, with 70 selions, comprising 12
acres. Thomas Hodgson held a tenement, garden, croft, and 41 selions
of land, comprising 7 acres 3½ roods, belonging to the church of
Brainshaugh, for which he paid a rent of 8s. a year, but to the lord
nothing ` quia tenetur in elemosina.' There was a parcel of ground,
containing about three acres, called ` the tofts,' supposed to
appertain solely to the lord's two tenements, ` albeyt the other two
tenants have nowe pasture in the grounde peaceably.' Possibly owing
to the river banks having been enclosed within the park, there was
not at that time any mill
N within the township, and the inhabitants
were `throwne to grynde their corne' at the lord's mill at
Warkworth.
The surveyor goes on to say that the question had
arisen and should be decided by the earl, whether a certain tenement
in Brotherwick, which was in the possession of George Carr
N of Lesbury at the time of his death, had
been enjoyed by him as
appurtenant to the keepership of Warkworth park (in which case it
should be assigned to Hugh Finch, the new keeper), for it was
claimed by Robert Carr, to whom had been granted a lease of all the
lands held by George Carr.
In the survey of 1585
N the lands of the free tenants are more particularly
described. Sir John Forster held one tenement and garden lately held
by Thomas Hodgson, a close of arable land, 4 selions of land
situated to the north of the garden of William Beidnell's tenement,
8 selions in the South-flat called Brockescroke, and 18 selions in
the north field. This is doubtless the land formerly belonging to
Brainshaugh chapel, and then farmed under the Crown by Sir John
Forster. William Beidnell held a tenement with a garden or croft, 16
selions of arable land in the north field, 14 selions of arable land
south of the Lang-rigges, 4 selions of arable land in Whyte-lees, 3
selions of arable land ` super le Lang-rigges,' 2 selions by the
Hall-well, 10 selions in the south field, 5 selions nixta le snake
hole,' and 12 selions in the Crokes, formerly held by Thomas Pinne.
There were two tenants at will, viz., John Turpyn, who held
of the lord, by copy of court roll, a tenement with a garden and
croft adjoining it of one and a half acres, a moiety of a close of
arable land near Brotherwick hill and Watershaugh containing 3
acres, 4 acres in the South-flat, 6 acres in the Whittelees and
Lang-rigg, 2 acres in the Kirk-flat and in Key-butts, with common of
pasture. The premises had been previously held by his father, John
Turpyn, and before that by John Waght ; the yearly rent was 16s.
8d., and the fine payable that year was £4. The other tenant was
Henry Hodgson, who with his tenement, garden, and croft held similar
parcels in the various fields. His holding had been previously held
by his father, Thomas Hodgson, and before that by Richard Maxon, and
was also subject to a rent of 16s. 8d. and to a fine payable that
year of £4.
N
On the 1st of April, 1595, John Browne writes from Alnwick to
the earl of Northumberland : |
| |
| I have purchased for your lordship one of
the three farms of Broderwyck at a very easy rate, and stand
in great hope to get in the other two, all which, adjoined
together and laid to your lordship's parke of Warkworth,
will greatly enlarge and beautify the same and increase your
lordship's profits 20 by year (at least) for ever, besides
the case of your deer and many other great conveniences
which your lordship could not well want, as in the plot
N which I shall have ready for your lordship shall
more easily appear.
N |
|
| |
| On the 26th of April of the same year Browne again writes to the
earl : ` I have taken order for the [illegible] moiety of ye
towne of Broderwick to your lordship's use for enlargement of your
lordship's parke and profits at Warkworth.' And again, on the 10th
of December : |
| |
| Concerning the purchasing of Broderick, I
have gotten your lordship's two tennants, also Mr. Bednell's,
who hath a freehold tenement in it, to take other land for
theirs of your lordship in exchange. I know none fitter to
give them than of those escheated tenements which in your
lordship's book are mentioned. There wanteth nothing now to
be gotten but Sir John Forster's [MS. torn] there,
which I think also may easily be compassed either by
purchase or ordinary incumbrance, as I shall show your
lordship. How fit and commodious this is for your lordship I
have heretofore told, and your lordship may perceive the
same by the plot of Warkworth park.
N |
|
| |
| The survey of 1616
N calls particular attention to the fact that the
copy-hold lands were held of the lord by Lancelot Ogle, who also
possessed the freehold, having evidently acquired the church lands
from the Crown. |
| |
| Launcellot Ogle, gent., holdeth freely of his
majestic part of the villag or town of Brothericke, and part
as tenant to his lordship, whoe hath converted all the
arable ground into pasture and denieth to distinguish his
lordship's lands from his owne freehold, to the end (as it
seemeth) to confound the one with the other, which, if they
should not be severed whilst some (especially one man that
knoweth the ground best) is living, it will be impossible
(as it is thought) to divide them after. The particulars, as
they are enclosed and divided by hedges and ditches, follow,
viz. : |
|
| |
| |
A. R. P. |
| Twoe houses and garths
lying together, said to be freehold contayning ... |
1 1 10 |
| Twoe other tenements and
garthe holden of his lordship, contayning ... |
1 1 15 |
| |
|
|
| |
A. R. P. |
|
| Meadowe, viz.: Northfeild meadowe ... |
50 2 28 |
|
| Southfeild meadowe ... |
34 0 34 |
|
| Sume of all the meadowe ... |
|
84 3 22 |
| |
|
|
| Pasture, viz.: Hounden-close pasture
... |
36 0 30 |
|
| The Toft pasture ... |
12 0 15½ |
|
| South-close pasture ... |
12 3 33 |
|
| Sume of all the pasture ... |
|
61 0 38½ |
| |
|
|
| Common and wasts: The town-gate ... |
4 0 18¼ |
|
| The common or moor ... |
28 0 6¼ |
|
| Summe of the common or wast ...
|
|
32 0 24½ |
| |
|
|
| Total ... |
|
181 0 0¾ |
| |
|
|
|
| George Whitehead writing to the earl of Northumberland from North
Shields on the 29th of October, 1616, says : |
| |
Right honourable : Your lordship may
please to understand that one Lancelot Ogle his soone is
lately drowned, being of the adge of fourtene yeares.
His father did purchashe thre tenementes in Brodericke, olde
rent beinge 33s. 4d., of poore men, ther dwellinge, and for
the more seurtie tooke the coppies in his soone his name.
The soone beinge dead, I have mad seisure of the tenementes
for your lordship, but he is unwilling to take them by
leasse, and hopinge of soome good frendes to move your
lordship in his behalfe, he is determined to make his
repaire to your lordship to procure soome favour from your
lordship.
As I am bound by dewtie in this, as in all other your
services, I must certify your lordship of the trothe,
thoughe I wishe the gentleman well. The tenementes lyinge
close togeather, ar well woorthe £16 by yeare at the least.
They lye close to Warkwoorth parke, and verie fitt to be
adjoyned as a parcell of demeisne therunto ; for your
further pleasure hearein, that I must leave to your owne
honourable consideratione.
N |
|
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| On the I7th of January following, Whitehead again writes : |
| |
| I have with much adoe
compounded with Lancelot Ogle, upon the condicions your
lordship told me of, for his lease of Brothericke at trebble
rent, which wilbe a meanes to bringe on many or all I doute
not, for he beinge nowe mad sure is bothe secret and honest,
and by his example the rest wilbe reformed, for he gives it
out it was your lordship's due to have it, and that he was
advised by his councell to yield himself, and so hath
promised me to persuade the rest. This course I held the
best.
N |
|
|
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| Nothing is known of the ` Mr. Oxenbridge ' who
was rated for lands in Brotherwick in 1663, but very soon afterwards
the earl of Northumberland's lands were held under lease by Matthew
Bonner, vicar of Warkworth, who was apparently the owner of the
freehold lands also. On the 8th of July, 1668, Matthew Bonner took
out a licence to marry `Barbara Bonner,' and on the 20th of
November, 1671, he took a lease of two tenements in Brother-wick
from the earl. This lease was surrendered by Isabel Bonner, and a
new one for the period of twenty-one years granted to her on the
15th of March, 1692/3. Isabel Bonner became the wife of Thomas
Fenwick, fourth son of Robert Fenwick of Langshaw and Nunriding, and
their son, Bonner Fenwick, was baptised at Warkworth on the 2nd of
September, 1700.
N Mrs. Fenwick was dead before the 16th of July, 1713,
when a new lease was granted to Thomas Davison, yeoman, in trust for
her son, John Fenwick, then an infant under age. In 1735, on the 1st
of October, a lease for twenty-one years was granted to Thomas
Fenwick (who seems to have been residing in London)
N in consideration of a fine of £130 ; the rent was £6
13s. 4d.
N An undivided third part of Brotherwick remained with the
family of Fenwick of Nunriding until 1862, when it was purchased by
the duke of Northumberland, the proprietor of the remaining
two-thirds and lord of the manor, from Mr. E. M. Fenwick,
N of Borough-hall, Westmorland. |
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